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目的通过地面模拟低氧环境,观察不同低氧环境对心理旋转能力的影响,探索低氧训练新模式。方法选择16名健康男性依次在地面、模拟海拔5000 m高空低氧环境、模拟海拔7500 m高空低氧环境下,进行心理旋转测验,正像和镜像的字母F、G、L、P、Q、R,顺时针和逆时针旋转0°、60°、120°、180°,测量指标包括错误率、反应时。结果 (1)错误率:海拔7500 m错误率(0.073±0.014)最高,海拔5000 m错误率(0.052±0.008)最低,二者比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);随着旋转角度(0°、60°、120°、180°)增加,错误率依次递增(0.020±0.004、0.031±0.008、0.062±0.013、0.133±0.020),除了00和600之间没有显著性差异,其它角度之间均存在显著性差异(P<0.01)。(2)反应时:随着高度由地面、海拔5000 m、海拔7500 m的增加,反应时由(798.585±34.583)ms、(766.580±36.665)ms、(744.845±37.231)ms依次递减,地面与海拔7500 m间反应时比较差异存在统计学意义(P<0.05);与正像反应时(706.870±28.218)ms相比,镜像反应时(833.137±43.028)ms显著延长,二者比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);随着旋转角度(00、600、1200、1800)增加,反应时[(692.309±32.886)ms、(710.697±32.648)ms、(782.300±35.384)ms、(894.708±42.794)ms]依次增加,两两比较均存在显著性差异(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论低氧暴露对心理旋转能力有较大影响,可开展缺氧体验训练与心理旋转测验相结合的航空生理训练新模式。
Objective To simulate the hypoxic environment through the ground to observe the effects of different hypoxic environments on the psychic rotation ability and to explore a new mode of hypoxia training. Methods Sixteen healthy males were selected on the ground in order to simulate altitude hypoxia environment at altitude of 5000 m. Under simulated hypoxia altitude of 7500 m altitude, psychological rotation test was performed. Positive and negative images of letters F, G, L, P, Q, R, clockwise and counterclockwise rotation 0 °, 60 °, 120 °, 180 °, measurement indicators include the error rate, the reaction time. Results (1) The error rate was the highest (0.073 ± 0.014) at the altitude of 7500 m, the lowest (0.052 ± 0.008) at the altitude of 5000 m, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). With the rotation angle 0 °, 60 °, 120 °, 180 °), the error rates increased in sequence (0.020 ± 0.004,0.031 ± 0.008,0.062 ± 0.013,0.133 ± 0.020), except that there was no significant difference between 00 and 600. There was significant difference between the two groups (P <0.01). (2) Reaction time: The response time decreased from (798.585 ± 34.583) ms, (766.580 ± 36.665) ms, (744.845 ± 37.231) ms with the altitude increasing from 5 000 m above sea level and 7500 m above sea level, There was a significant difference (P <0.05) when the altitude was 7500 m, and was significantly longer when the reaction time was (706.870 ± 28.218) ms (833.137 ± 43.028) ms. The difference was statistically significant (692.309 ± 32.886) ms, (710.697 ± 32.648) ms, (782.300 ± 35.384) ms and (894.708 ±), respectively, with the increase of rotation angle (00,600,1200,1800) 42.794) ms] in turn increased significantly compared with each other (P <0.01 or P <0.05). Conclusions Hypoxia exposure has a great influence on the ability of mental rotation, and a new model of aerobic exercise training combined with hypoxia experience training and psychological rotation test can be developed.