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我国现行的医疗保障制度的在运行在公平性、效率性以及可及性方面出现了各种问题,特别是导致了整个体制运行成本上升以及效率降低,成为了政府新医改考虑的重点。本文通过对整个医疗保障制度的分析,运用随机边界分析(SFA)估计了现行医疗保障制度的成本方程,比较了OLS方法与MLE方法估计结果的异同,特别是对国家财政补贴的成本效率进行了分析。分析结果表明,国家的财政补贴要兼顾供方和需方,但要把握补贴供方的方法及补贴需方的对象,强化第三方支付的职能,提高公共财政医疗补贴的效率。
The existing medical insurance system in our country has encountered various problems in its operation in terms of fairness, efficiency and accessibility. In particular, it has led to an increase in operating costs of the entire system and a decrease in efficiency, which have become the focus of the government’s new medical reform. Through analyzing the whole medical insurance system, this paper estimates the cost equation of the current medical insurance system by stochastic frontier analysis (SFA), and compares the similarities and differences between the OLS and MLE methods, especially the cost-effectiveness of the national financial subsidy analysis. The analysis shows that the financial subsidies of the state should take into account both the supply side and the demand side. However, it is necessary to grasp the method of subsidizing the supply side and subsidize the target party, strengthen the third party payment function and improve the efficiency of public finance medical subsidies.