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应用列举对比的研究方法,对焓,焓变,熵,熵变,以及焓变熵变与化学反应的方向的关系进行了研究。得出结论,焓减原理只是解释反应能否自发进行有关的一个因素,但不是唯一因素。熵增原理是解释反应能否自发进行有关的一个因素,但不是唯一因素,在等温、等压条件下,化学反应的方向是由反应的焓变和熵变共同决定的。化学反应自发进行的最终判据是吉布斯自由能变,自由能一般用△G来表示,且△G=△H-T△S。
The application of comparative research methods, the enthalpy, enthalpy change, entropy, entropy change, and enthalpy change entropy and the relationship between the direction of the chemical reaction were studied. It is concluded that the enthalpy reduction principle is only one factor that explains whether the reaction can occur spontaneously, but it is not the only one. The entropy increase principle is a factor that explains whether the reaction can occur spontaneously but is not the only factor. Under isothermal and isobaric conditions, the direction of the chemical reaction is determined by the enthalpy and entropy change of the reaction. The ultimate criterion for spontaneous chemical reactions is Gibbs’s free energy change. Free energy is generally expressed by ΔG and ΔG = ΔH-TΔS.