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目的:了解高龄孕妇孕期牙周病的流行病学及其与妊娠不良结局的关系。方法:对2010年1月~2012年12月间同济医院产科产检并分娩的53例确诊牙龈炎的孕妇(牙龈炎组)、66例确诊牙周炎的孕妇(牙周炎组)及同期32例口腔健康的孕妇(对照组)的临床资料进行队列研究,比较三组妊娠并发症、合并症及新生儿结局的差异。结果:牙龈炎组早产、胎膜早破、胎儿发育迟缓和新生儿低体重的发生率分别为22.64%、26.42%、18.87%、20.75%;牙周炎组为34.85%、39.39%、28.79%、30.30%;对照组为15.63%、21.88%、12.50%、12.50%。三组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),随着牙周病情加重,危险度增高。结论:伴有牙周病的高龄孕妇容易发生早产、胎儿发育迟缓、胎膜早破,并且新生儿低体重发生率明显高于口腔健康的高龄孕妇,应加强孕前及妊娠期间的牙周专科处理和口腔保健,以期提高围产质量。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the epidemiology of periodontal disease during pregnancy in pregnant women and its relationship with poor outcome in pregnancy. Methods: From January 2010 to December 2012, 53 pregnant women with gingivitis (gingivitis group), 66 pregnant women with periodontitis (periodontitis group) and 32 Cases of oral health of pregnant women (control group) of the clinical data of a cohort study to compare the three groups of pregnancy complications, complications and neonatal outcomes differences. Results: The incidence of preterm birth, premature rupture of membranes, fetal growth retardation and low birth weight in gingivitis group were 22.64%, 26.42%, 18.87% and 20.75% respectively, while those in periodontitis group were 34.85%, 39.39% and 28.79% , 30.30% in control group and 15.63%, 21.88%, 12.50% and 12.50% in control group. The difference between the three groups was statistically significant (P <0.05), with the periodontal disease aggravated, the risk increased. Conclusion: The elderly pregnant women with periodontal disease prone to premature birth, fetal retardation, premature rupture of membranes, and neonatal hypogonadism was significantly higher than the oral health of older pregnant women should be strengthened during pregnancy and pregnancy periodontal specialist treatment And oral health, with a view to improve the quality of perinatology.