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中国都市发展有着挥之不去的乡土梦魇,从而使得以鲁迅为代表的早期知识分子往往深陷吊诡的历史语境,在城市语境与乡土观念中不断调适,这种割裂感与矛盾性也表现在鲁迅不同时期的文本中。从古都北京到现代化都市上海,鲁迅的都市体验有两个比较明显的阶段,在空间体验、女性意识和知识分子的都市责任等问题的思考上,鲁迅对都市的认识与反思在不断变化和深入。鲁迅在《伤逝》和《阿金》等典型文本中关注物质、女性、市民世态人情等都市话题,勾勒出了早期中国都市化进程中的复杂社会现象与精神现实,对走向现代市民社会的灵魂困境与价值选择作出了有益的探索。鲁迅都市体验的文学文本是20世纪初中国从“乡土社会”走向都市社会的文学观照,展现了世纪中国的社会面相及国民精神。
Chinese urban development has a lingering native nightmare, so that the early intellectuals represented by Lu Xun often trample on paradoxical historical context, constantly adapting to the urban context and local concept, and this kind of fragmentation and contradiction It is reflected in the texts of different periods of Lu Xun. From the ancient capital of Beijing to the modern city of Shanghai, Lu Xun’s urban experience has two obvious stages. On the consideration of space experience, female consciousness and intellectual responsibility of urbanites, Lu Xun’s understanding and reflection on the city are changing and deepening . In such typical texts as “Shangdu” and “Akin”, Lu Xun paid close attention to the urban topics of materialism, women and citizenship of the state, and outlined the complicated social phenomena and spiritual reality in the process of urbanization in early China and the soul toward modern civil society Predicament and value choice made a useful exploration. The literary text of Lu Xun’s urban experience was the literary view of China from “native society” to urban society in the early 20th century, which demonstrated the social aspect and national spirit of China in the 20th century.