夏目漱石作为日本明治时期的代表性文人、明治日本“文明开化”运动的亲历者和思考者,在其文论著作中结合文学对现代文明的基本理论以及日本语境中的文明开化之路进行了大量、深入的探讨,并表达了自己对日本文学发展的看法。本文以漱石在其早期英国文学批评著作《文学评论》一书中倡导的外国文学研究方法为引,探讨他对盛行于明治后期文坛的科学主义之看法。 As the representative scholar in Meiji period in Japan, witness and thinker of Meiji Japan’s “civilized and civilized” movement, in his writings on literary works, combining Natsume Soseki’s theory of modern civilization with the basic theory of modern civilization and the civilized culture in Japanese context Road conducted a large number of in-depth discussion, and expressed his views on the development of Japanese literature. This essay takes Soseki’s foreign literature research methods advocated in his early literary criticism “Literary Criticism” as a reference to discuss his views on the prevailing science in the late Meiji literary world.