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公文的制作目的和内容，决定了它的文体特点，也决定了它的语言特点。公文的语言特点表现在三个方面：其一，大量使用专用词语。公文在表示人称指代、经办时态、引叙期请、征询期复、过渡结尾等方面都有大量的专门用语。这些专门语言简意赅、庄重凝练，都有其自身涵义的确定性和附加的文体色彩，都有独特的表达作用，很难以其他词语来代替。公文的明确简要性和庄重风格的形成同约定俗成地使用这些专门用语有着直接关系。其二，大量使用具有独特效用的常用语句。公文频繁使用带有命令语气、禁止语气和请求语气和祈使语句，以表达其行文目的；大量运用介词结构充当语句的定语和状语，以使其内容表达准确严密；大量运用联合词组充当语句的各种成分，以使表意简洁周全；大量运用非名词性词充当及物动词的宾语，以使语气铿锵，色彩庄重；公文语言中保留了一些文言句式并大量使用，表现了公文语言的严谨特点。其三，大量使用特殊的修辞手法。公文语言讲究典雅、谦敬、简缩、撮要、引据、分条、关联和语势力度。这些特殊的修辞保征了公文语言的平实、明快和庄重。
The purpose and content of the making of the official document determines its stylistic features and also determines its linguistic features. Official documents of the language features in three areas: First, make extensive use of special words. The official documents have a large number of specialized terms in terms of referring to persons, managing the tense, inviting the period of inviting narratives, asking for questions, ending the transition, and so on. These special languages concise, solemn concise, have their own meaning of the certainty and additional stylistic color, have a unique expression, it is difficult to replace with other words. The clear conciseness of the official document and the formation of the solemn style are directly related to the conventional use of these specialized terms. Second, extensive use of commonly used statements of unique utility. Official documents are frequently used with a tone of command, a ban on tone and a tone of voice and imperative sentences to express their intended purpose; extensive use of prepositional structures as attributives and adverbs of sentences to make their content accurate and precise; extensive use of conjunctive phrases as statements Various components, in order to make the idea simple and comprehensive; extensive use of non-nominal words as transitive verb object, so that the tone of sonorous, solemn colors; official language to retain some of the language and use a large number of sentence patterns, the performance of the official document language rigor Features. Third, extensive use of special rhetorical devices. Official language emphasizes elegant, modest, abbreviated, summary, citation, slips, affiliations, and intensity. These special rhetoric preserves the plain, lively and solemn language of official documents.