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水稻谷粒的外观性状对稻米外观品质存在重要的影响。该研究利用SSR标记 ,以回交群体Balilla/NTH∥Balilla为作图群体 ,构建了水稻 12条染色体的连锁图 ,该遗传图谱包括 10 8个分子标记 ,平均图距为 11 9cM。以构建的遗传图谱为基础 ,采用区间作图法对谷粒外观性状 ,包括粒长、粒宽和粒形进行了数量性状基因 (QTL)定位。结果表明 ,粒长、粒宽和粒形在回交群体中均呈近似的正态分布 ,表现出典型的数量性状特征。QTL定位结果表明 ,第 12染色体上RM10 1 RM2 70区间内存在一个与粒长性状相关的QTL ,(qGL 12 ) ,加性效应约为 0 2 6mm ,贡献率为 16 7%。在第 2和第 3染色体上RM15 4 RM2 11和RM2 5 7 RM175区间内 ,分别检测到qGW 2和qGW 3两个位点与粒宽性状有关 ,加性效应为分别为 - 0 10mm和 - 0 12mm ,贡献率分别为 11 5 %和 16 6 %。对于粒形性状 ,共检测到 3个QTLs,qLW 2 ,qLW 6和qLW 7,分别位于第 2、6和 7染色体上。其中qLW 2和qLW 7的加性效应分别约为0 0 9和 0 10 ,两个QTLs分别可解释表型变异的 12 7%和 18 3% ;而qLW 6的加性效应约为 - 0 13,可解释粒形变异的 11 5 %。文中还讨论了粒形和稻米外观品质同时改良的可能性。
The appearance of rice grain appearance has an important impact on the appearance quality of rice. In this study, a linkage map of 12 chromosomes in rice was constructed using SSR markers and backcross population Balilla / NTH // Balilla as a mapping population. The genetic map includes 108 molecular markers with an average mapping distance of 11 9 cM. Based on the constructed genetic map, quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping of grain appearance traits, including grain length, grain width and grain shape, were performed by interval mapping. The results showed that the grain length, grain width and grain shape in the backcross population were approximately normal distribution, showing typical quantitative traits. QTL mapping showed that there was a QTL associated with grain length trait (qGL 12) in RM10 1 RM2 70 interval on chromosome 12, with an additive effect of about 0 26mm and a contribution rate of 16 7%. Two loci qGW 2 and qGW 3 were detected in the interval of RM15 4 RM2 11 and RM2 5 7 RM175 on chromosomes 2 and 3 respectively. The additive effects were - 0 10mm and - 0 12mm, the contribution rates were 115% and 16% respectively. For grain traits, three QTLs, qLW 2, qLW 6 and qLW 7, were detected on chromosomes 2, 6 and 7, respectively. The additive effects of qLW 2 and qLW 7 were about 0 0 9 and 0 10, respectively. Two QTLs explained 12 7% and 18 3% of the phenotypic variation, respectively. The additive effect of qLW 6 was -0 13 , Which accounts for 115% of the variation in grain size. The article also discusses the possibility of grain shape and rice appearance quality improvement at the same time.