Rural and peri-urban communities in Japan,as well as in many other regions of the world,face risks of discrete event natural phenomena,including earthquakes,floods,and landslides.They also face persistent disruptive stress due to risks that remain active over long durations,such as the loss of community capacities due to an aging population.This article describes my observations of and subsequent reflections on adaptive risk goveance and community resilience building processes in two areas of weste and southe Japan—Chizu in Tottori Prefecture and towns near Kumamoto City in Kumamoto Prefecture.Four aspects of adaptive risk goveance from this limited set of observations stood out:(1) the importance of establishing a durable,patient process,(2) initiated and facilitated by a trusted figure,in (3) a space or venue accessible and open to the community,and (4) augmented by boundary objects that facilitate role playing,iteration,and ownership by the community of solutions generated in these dialogues.