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为了研究巨厚砾岩下特厚煤层开采地表形变规律,以概率积分模型为原型,建立了基于叠加原理的三维空间分布式优化求参模型。以常村煤矿2113工作面地表移动观测站实测资料为依据,采用下沉和水平移动求参模型求取了地表形变预计参数。结合工程地质资料,从岩层运移机理对参数的分布规律进行了分析。结果表明,巨厚砾岩关键层的初次破断距为367 m,悬臂梁周期破断距为179 m,关键层破断后地表非连续变形显现强烈,巨厚砾岩层的悬臂支承作用是造成地表沉陷盆地出现偏态下沉的根本原因,与实测结果相吻合。
In order to study the deformation law of the ground surface during the mining of the thick seam, the probabilistic integral model is taken as the prototype to establish a three-dimensional spatial optimization model based on the principle of superposition. Based on the measured data from surface mobile observation station of No.2133 coal seam of Changcun Coal Mine, the expected parameters of surface deformation are obtained by using the parameters of subsidence and horizontal displacement for reference. Combined with engineering geological data, the distribution rules of parameters are analyzed from the mechanism of rock transport. The results show that the critical breaking distance of the gigantic conglomerate is 367 m and the breaking interval of the cantilever is 179 m. The discontinuous deformation of the ground surface after the fracturing of the key layer is intense. The cantilever supporting of the gigantic conglomerate layer is the result of the subsidence of the surface subsidence basin The main reason for the skewed sinking coincides with the measured results.