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目的 探讨 2 0～ 39岁渔民心身疾病与吸烟和饮酒嗜好的关系。方法 调查 5 4例 2 0～ 39岁渔民既往疾病史、进行体格检查 ,并采用 Russell吸烟原因问卷、酒精依赖性疾患识别测验问卷 、 进行检测 ,对所患的心身疾病、吸烟饮酒的数量和问卷检测结果进行统计学分析 ,以了解烟酒嗜好与所患心身疾病的关系。结果 渔民组吸烟和饮酒的比率、年限及烟酒消费的数量远较对照组高 (P<0 .0 1或 0 .0 0 1) ;高血压、肝炎、结膜炎的发生率较对照组明显增高 (P<0 .0 5或 0 .0 0 1)。吸烟、饮酒与疾病间相关性显示 :患肝肿大、溃疡和结膜炎者与吸烟 ,患肝炎、肝硬化、肥胖、溃疡病和结膜炎者与饮酒均明显相关。结论 渔民是一吸烟饮酒的群体 ,他们中与吸烟饮酒有关的心身疾病的发生率明显增高。他们吸烟饮酒有职业性和非职业性的动因 ,因此 ,必须改善他们船舶的条件和心理社会环境。
Objective To explore the relationship between psychosomatic disease and smoking and drinking habits of fishermen aged from 20 to 39. Methods A total of 54 old fishermen aged from 20 to 39 years old were investigated for physical examination. Russell’s smoking cause questionnaire and alcohol-dependent disease identification test were used to investigate the prevalence of psychosomatic diseases, smoking and drinking, and questionnaires Test results for statistical analysis to understand the relationship between alcohol and tobacco preferences and psychosomatic disease. Results The rates of smoking and drinking in fishermen group were significantly higher than those in control group (P0.01 or 0.0100). The incidence of hypertension, hepatitis and conjunctivitis were significantly higher than those in control group Increased (P <0. 05 or 0. 0 0 1). The correlation between smoking, drinking and illness showed that those with hepatomegaly, ulcers and conjunctivitis were significantly associated with smoking, hepatitis, cirrhosis, obesity, ulcer disease and conjunctivitis. Conclusion Fishers are a group of smokers and their incidence of psychosomatic diseases associated with smoking and drinking is significantly higher. Their smoking and drinking have occupational and non-occupational motivation, therefore, they must improve the conditions of their ships and the psycho-social environment.