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加强轨道结构是列车提速前线路改造的主要内容之一。目前在提速线路上有Ⅲ型枕和Ⅱ型枕轨道结构,不同的轨道结构具有不同的动力特性。本文就Ⅲ型枕和新Ⅱ型枕轨道结构的动力特性进行试验研究。试验时采用落轴和动力激振两种加载方法,测试轨道结构的动力响应有轮轨作用力、轨座反力、钢轨和轨枕振动加速度。测试结果表明,Ⅲ型枕的质量较大,轨道结构的刚度也较新Ⅱ型枕的大得多。落轴试验时,Ⅲ型枕轨道结构的钢轨、轨枕振动加速度都比新Ⅱ型枕的小,且Ⅲ型枕的振动频率也要低得多,但两种类型轨枕轨道结构的轮轨冲击力相接近。现场试验表明,Ⅲ型枕轨道结构更加稳定。根据试验结果,认为为提高提速线路的稳定性和延长维修养护周期,在列车速度大于160 km/h的线路上宜采用Ⅲ型枕、60 kg/m钢轨的轨道结构。
Strengthening the track structure is one of the main contents of the line reconstruction before the train speed-up. At present, there are Ⅲ type pillow and Ⅱ type pillow rail structure on the speed-raising line, and different track structures have different dynamic characteristics. In this paper, the dynamic characteristics of type Ⅲ pillow and new type Ⅱ pillow track structure were studied. The test uses two kinds of loading methods, the off-axis and dynamic excitation. The dynamic response of the test track structure includes the wheel-rail force, the reaction force of the rail seat, the vibration acceleration of the rail and sleeper. The test results show that the quality of the type Ⅲ pillow is larger and the rigidity of the track structure is also much larger than that of the new type Ⅱ pillow. In the off-axis test, the vibration acceleration of rail and sleeper of type Ⅲ pillow track structure is smaller than that of the new type Ⅱ pillow and the vibration frequency of type Ⅲ pillow is much lower. However, the wheel and rail impact force of two types of sleeper track structure Close to Field tests show that the type Ⅲ pillow orbit structure is more stable. According to the test results, it is considered that the rail structure of type Ⅲ pillow and 60 kg / m rail should be adopted on the line with the speed of more than 160 km / h in order to improve the stability of the speed raising line and extend the maintenance and curing cycle.