目的　了解急诊科患者的疾病分类。方法　对我院 82 5 98份急诊病案进行了回顾性调查分析。结果　损伤和中毒、呼吸系统疾病、消化系统疾病是急诊科的前三位疾病 ;急诊病人男性多于女性 ;急诊患者全天就诊量与时间呈“驼峰”型分布 ,19～ 2 1时为全天最高峰 ;急诊病人平均年龄 41 5岁 ,16类疾病均以 19～ 35岁年龄组病人为最多。结论　①要根据急诊病人的疾病谱确定急诊科的技术建设重点和人才培养方向 ;②要重视男性健康和安全防范教育 ;③要充分认识到提高急诊科的救治水平对人类健康有重大意义 ;④要根据急诊病人的就诊高峰时间 ,科学合理地安排工作。 Objective To understand the disease classification of patients in the emergency department. Methods A retrospective survey of 82 5 98 emergency cases in our hospital was conducted. Results Injury and poisoning, respiratory diseases, and digestive system diseases were the top three diseases in the emergency department. There were more males in the emergency department than in the females. The emergency patients had a “hump” distribution throughout the day and the time was 19 to 21 hours. The highest peak of the day; the average age of emergency patients 41 5 years old, and 16 types of diseases are the most patients in the 19 to 35 age group. Conclusion 1 According to the disease spectrum of emergency patients, the key points of technical construction in the emergency department and the direction of personnel training should be determined; 2 Men’s health and safety prevention education should be emphasized; 3 It is necessary to fully recognize that improving the emergency treatment level has great significance for human health; 4 According to the rush hour of emergency patients, work should be arranged scientifically and reasonably.