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视网膜下腔是免疫赦免部位,能诱导免疫偏离,产生免疫耐受。血-视网膜屏障的隔离作用、TGF-β和IFN等免疫因子的调节作用;CD95L、可溶性因子、Galectin-Ⅰ和TRAIL等所介导的RPE对T淋巴细胞的调节作用均参与了视网膜下腔的免疫赦免机制。RPE、小胶质细胞以及视网膜微血管内皮细胞等相关APC均参与了移植物的免疫排斥反应过程。视网膜移植免疫排斥反应过程中,免疫抑制剂的使用和免疫耐受状态的产生可以有效降低术后免疫排斥反应的发生。
Subretinal space is the site of immune pardon, can induce immune deviation, resulting in immune tolerance. Blood-retinal barrier isolation, TGF-β and IFN and other immune factors regulation; CD95L, soluble factors, Galectin-Ⅰ and TRAIL-mediated RPE regulation of T lymphocytes are involved in the subretinal space Immunity pardon mechanism. RPE, microglia and retinal microvascular endothelial cells and other related APC are involved in the graft immune rejection process. During the rejection of retinal transplantation, the use of immunosuppressive agents and immune tolerance can effectively reduce the occurrence of postoperative immune rejection.