自主学习是目前基础教育改革所倡导的一种重要的学习方式,它是学生在比较广泛的教育资源背景下所开展的自主的、开放的、探究式的学习活动。本文从培养学生课前主动预习习惯、教师优化化学课堂教学、课后学生主动复习巩固三个方面论述了初中学生化学自主学习能力的培养。 Autonomous learning is an important way of learning advocated by the current elementary education reform. It is an autonomous, open and inquiry learning activity conducted by students in the context of a wide range of educational resources. This article discusses the cultivation of junior high school students ’ability of autonomous learning of chemistry from three aspects: cultivating students’ habit of pre-class preparation, teachers ’optimization of chemistry class teaching, and students’ active reviewing and consolidating after class.