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目的建立大鼠气管内雾化脂多糖(lipopolysaccharides,LPS)致不同程度肺部炎症损伤模型。方法大鼠给予气管内雾化200μL的LPS溶液,LPS高、中、低组剂量分别为15、5、0.5 mg·kg~(-1),单次给药后24 h进行支气管肺泡灌洗液(bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,BALF)分析、组织病理学检查(肾脏、肺、气管)和血液生化学检查(肌酐、白蛋白、Na+/K+/Cl-)。结果BALF细胞分类计数中,LPS各剂量组出现不同程度白细胞、中性粒细胞、巨噬细胞、嗜酸性和嗜碱性粒细胞增多;LPS高剂量组碱性磷酸酶活性和总蛋白含量较对照组升高(P<0.05);BALF中肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α含量呈剂量依赖性升高,与对照组有显著差异。组织病理学检查:对照组肺部出现轻微的血管壁周围水肿,LPS组肺部有炎症细胞渗出伴有泡沫巨噬细胞聚集和中度血管壁周围水肿。结论大鼠气管内雾化不同剂量LPS可致不同程度肺部炎症损伤,气管内雾化LPS方式可作为建立肺部炎症损伤模型的可靠手段。
Objective To establish a model of lung inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in rats after tracheal instillation. Methods The rats were given intratracheal instillation of 200μL LPS solution. The doses of high, middle and low doses of LPS were 15, 5 and 0.5 mg · kg ~ (-1), respectively. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (kidneys, lungs, trachea) and blood biochemical tests (creatinine, albumin, Na + / K + / Cl-) were analyzed by bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) analysis. Results In the classification of BALF cells, leukocytes, neutrophils, macrophages, eosinophils and basophils increased in all doses of LPS group. The alkaline phosphatase activity and total protein content of LPS high dose group were higher than those of control group (P <0.05). The content of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -α in BALF increased in a dose-dependent manner, which was significantly different from the control group. Histopathological examination showed slight pulmonary edema in the lungs of the control group. Inflammatory cells exudation in the lungs of the LPS group was accompanied by accumulation of foamy macrophages and edema around the moderate blood vessel wall. Conclusion Endotracheal intratracheal instillation of different doses of LPS can cause different degrees of lung inflammation injury, and endotracheal LPS can be used as a reliable method to establish a model of lung inflammation injury.