恩格斯的权威理论与列宁的灌输理论同为马克思主义伟大理论体系中的重要内容,两者自成体系同时又联系密切。透过前者关照后者,可以得出如下认识:如果说恩格斯在《论权威》中集中阐述的权威理论是回答权威是什么及其重要性的理论问题的话,那么列宁在《怎么办?》中系统形成的灌输理论则更多地是回答如何树立和捍卫权威的实践问题。 Engels’ theory of authority and Lenin’s theory of inculcation are both important elements in the great theoretical system of Marxism. They are closely related to each other through their own systems. Through the former’s consideration of the latter, we can draw the following understanding: If Lenin’s theory of authority, which is concentrated in “On Authority,” is a theoretical question that answers the question of what authority is and why it is important, then what should Lenin do in “What to do?” The systematic theory of inculcation is more of a practical answer to how to establish and defend authority.